Blog | Page 57 of 68

Sep

28

2014

CCNP (switch) – STP – Basics (BPDU)

Basic words in STP: Root Bridge (RB) Non Root Bridge (NRB) Forwarding Ports Designated Port (DP) Root Port (RP) Non Designated Port (Blocking Port) Three steps to remember for STP: 1 Root Bridge / Network 1 Designated Port / Segment 1 Root Port / Non Root Bridge BPDU (Bridge Data Protocol Unit): Root Bridge generates BPDU in every two seconds. When root bridge generates BPDU, this is processor consuming task. So, you have to use best switch as Root Bridge. Designated Port: A port which sends best BPDU is known as Designated Port. Root Port: A port which…

Sep

20

2014

Home Remedies – How to Whiten Your Teeth Naturally in Just 3 Minutes

How much does it cost you to have your teeth whitened at the dentist? We’re pretty sure it will run into tens, if not hundreds of dollars. So why not consider a more natural way of doing it at home instead. This doesn’t involve harsh abrasives, toxic chemicals or anything like bleach! This is a more natural yet still effective way of making those ‘pearly whites’ sparkle the way you like them to. You’ll find this method especially useful if you drink a lot of tea or coffee as we know these are some of the prime culprits in darkening…

Sep

19

2014

White House Announces Executive Actions to Advance U.S. Solar Energy Deployment and Energy Efficiency

U.S. Solar Deployment and Energy Efficiency – The entire fact sheet released from the White House. Commitments and Executive Actions Illustrate Federal, State, and Local Leadership to Create Jobs and Cut Carbon pollution The Obama Administration is committed to taking action to combat climate change. As part of that effort, today, the White House is announcing a series of public and private sector commitments and executive actions to advance solar deployment and promote energy efficiency. The executive announcements today altogether will cut carbon pollution by nearly 300 million metric tons through 2030 – equivalent to taking more than 60 million…

Sep

19

2014

CCNA – Top 15 CCNA Interview Questions with Answers

Top 15 CCNA Interview Questions with Answers 1) What is routing on a network? This might seem like a basic question, but the interviewer might ask it just to see if you know the basics. Routing is done by routers. Routers have a routing table that send network traffic from one location to another location or segment on the network. Routers reduce network traffic compared to regular hubs. When a user sends network traffic across the network, a hub broadcasts to all segments of the network. With a router, the device analyzes the TCP/IP packet, sees the destination location, and…

Sep

16

2014

CCNP (switch)-Inter VLAN Routing (SVI with Lab)

SVI (switched virtual interface) If you have Multilayer switch than router is not required for Inter VLAN Routing, because that switch can work as a router. you have to create interfaces only for existing VLANs. In this technique the interfaces created for existing VLANs are known as SVI (Switched Virtual Interfaces). (you can create interface for any VLAN, but those interfaces will up which will be created for existing VLAN, here you have to remember that you cannot up interfaces with no shutdown command) Lab SVI We have to perform four steps: Create VLANs Assign membership of those VLANs to ports Enable ip…

Sep

15

2014

CCNP (switch)-Lab Routing on a stick

Lab Inter VLAN Routing Suppose we have one layer 2 switch, one router (layer 3 device), 2 PCs. On router we have to create two subinterfaces: 1.Fa 0/0.20 with ip address 20.1.1.1 and 2. Fa 0/0.30 with ip address 30.1.1.1 One PC is member of VLAN 20 with ip address 20.1.1.10 and default gateway will be 20.1.1.1 2nd PC is member of VLAN 30 with ip address 30.1.1.50 and default gateway will be 30.1.1.1 Switch> Switch>en Switch#config Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. (Creating VLANs) Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#name IT Switch(config-vlan)#exit…

Sep

15

2014

Solar Energy – Sun Powered Desalination for Villages

Around the world, there is more salty groundwater than fresh, drinkable groundwater. For example, 60 percent of India is underlain by salty water — and much of that area is not served by an electric grid that could run conventional reverse-osmosis desalination plants. Now an analysis by MIT researchers shows that a different desalination technology called electrodialysis, powered by solar panels, could provide enough clean, palatable drinking water to supply the needs of a typical village. The study, by MIT graduate student Natasha Wright and Amos Winter, the Robert N. Noyce Career Development Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, appears…

Sep

15

2014

CCNP (switch) – Inter VLAN routing (Routing on a stick)

Inter VLAN Routing By default, different VLANs can’t communicate with each other, a technique through which different VLANs can communicate with each other is known as inter VLAN routing. There are two methods for inter VLAN routing: Router on a stick. SVI (switched virtual interface). Router on a stick: In this method, you need a router (layer 3 device) with a layer 2 switch. If you need inter VLAN routing for 20 different VLANs, than you need 20 interfaces on router for default gateway. To solve this problem, there is a facility provided by Cisco, that you can divide one…

Sep

15

2014

CCNP (switch) – How to configure trunk

Sep

15

2014

Trunk

Trunk A link which connects the switches is known as trunk link, and ports used for trunk link are known as trunk ports. As every interface has specific speed, sometime due to mismatch of speed, link gets down. You can use any port as trunk port, but you have to select the best one or faster than access ports, because heavy traffic of VLANs has to pass through trunk. Types of trunk: Static (manual) Dynamic (automatic) Dynamic trunk: By default, DTP (Dynamic Trunk Protocol) negotiation is enabled on each port of switch. So, if you connect the switches using any…