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 VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)                                                 Broadcast Domain     Collision Domain HUB                                                       1                                           1 Bridge                                                     1                                           4 Switch                                             By default 1                         Each port contains separate collision domain Why you have to create VLAN? If you have one broadcast domain, than there is no privacy of any department in the company. There are two solutions to solve this problem. One is, provide a separate switch to each department, but this would increase cost. And the other solution is, you have to break one physical broadcast domain to multiple logical broadcast domains. One VLAN already exist on every switch and this VLAN is…

Network Design There are three layers of a network design: Access layer Distribution layer Core layer Each network design consists of minimum two layers of network design. Access layer: Where end users are connected, this is called as access layer. And the devises through which they are connected are called as access devices. Core layer: Layer which is directly connected to service provider (internet) is called as core layer. Distribution layer: Layer which provides services to above two layers is called as distribution layer. Policies are running on this layer. This layer is used for policies because we need speed…

Low Energy Dream House . – My wife and I are considering selling our home and building a smaller house set up for two people that makes efficient use of space and uses as little energy as possible. Since I make my living as an industrial energy efficiency and renewable energy expert this should be right up my alley right? It also sounds like a lot of fun designing our perfect new place that we will enjoy for many years to come. We started looking for designs off the internet for net zero or super-insulated homes which got us thinking…

Introduction: Gwadar Port is the third deep sea port in Pakistan after Karachi and Port Qasim. Located on the western end of Baluchistan coast, Gwadar has 600km long coastal belt with beaches and bays. It lies just 624 nautical km to the east of Strait of Hormuz, which is an important rout of oil tankers bound for Japan and western countries out of Persian Gulf. Once a small fishing town along the Makran Coast is now set to be become a mega seaport which will fulfill the requirement of three strategically important regions the oil rich Middle East, heavily populated…